Non-serving cell states

ABSTRACT

A wireless communication device is described. The wireless communication device includes a receiver configured to receive a message indicating a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. The wireless communication device also includes a processor configured to determine the TCI state based on the message, a non-serving cell identifier, and a received reference signal from a non-serving cell.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims benefit of and priority to U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 63/134,483, filed Jan. 6, 2021, which is hereby assignedto the assignee hereof and hereby expressly incorporated by referenceherein in its entirety as if fully set forth below and for allapplicable purposes.

BACKGROUND Field of the Disclosure

The present disclosure relates generally to electronic devices. Morespecifically, the present disclosure relates to non-serving cell states.

Description of Related Art

In the last several decades, the use of electronic devices has expanded.In particular, advances in electronic technology have reduced the costof increasingly complex and useful electronic devices. Cost reductionand consumer demand have proliferated the use of electronic devices suchthat they are practically ubiquitous in modern society. As the use ofelectronic devices has expanded, so has the demand for new and improvedfeatures of electronic devices. More specifically, electronic devicesthat perform new functions and/or that perform functions faster, moreefficiently, or with higher quality are often sought after.

Some electronic devices (e.g., cellular phones, smartphones, laptopcomputers, etc.) communicate with other electronic devices. For example,electronic devices may transmit and/or receive radio frequency (RF)signals to communicate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communicationdevice in which examples of one or more non-serving cell states may beutilized;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wirelesscommunication device and an example of a base station in whichtechniques for one or more non-serving cell states may be implemented;

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating an example of a method for one ormore non-serving cell states;

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating another example of a method forone or more non-serving cell states;

FIG. 5 is a thread diagram illustrating an example of utilization of oneor more non-serving cell states in accordance with some of thetechniques described herein;

FIG. 6 is a thread diagram illustrating another example of utilizationof one or more non-serving cell states in accordance with some of thetechniques described herein;

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating an example of a method for one ormore non-serving cell states;

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating another example of a method forone or more non-serving cell states;

FIG. 9 illustrates certain components that may be included within awireless communication device configured to implement various examplesof the techniques for one or more non-serving cell states describedherein; and

FIG. 10 illustrates certain components that may be included within abase station configured to implement various examples of the techniquesfor one or more non-serving cell states described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Some examples of the systems and methods disclosed herein relate tonon-serving cell states. For instance, some of the techniques describedherein may provide one or more transmission configuration indicator(TCI) states associated with one or more non-serving cells. Some of thetechniques described herein may provide rules for one or more TCI statesassociated with one or more non-serving cells (e.g., non-serving cellreference signals (RSs)).

Associating a TCI state with a non-serving cell (e.g., a referencesignal of the non-serving cell) may enable usage of layer one (L1) basedmeasurement and reports for non-serving cells, in addition to theirusage for serving cells. Associating a TCI state with a non-serving cellmay also enable fast handover data or control channels to TCI states ofother (e.g., non-serving) cells. Finally, associating a TCI state with anon-serving cell may enable enhanced measurements of other (e.g.,non-serving) cell beams, by associating aperiodic channel stateinformation reference signals (AP-CSI-RSs) or tracking reference signals(TRSs) to the TCIs of the other cell(s).

A wireless communication device is an electronic device that maycommunicate with another device or devices using radio frequency (RF)signals. Examples of the wireless communication devices includesmartphones, tablet devices, laptop computers, mobile devices, vehicles,autonomous vehicles, user equipments (UEs), telematics units, embeddeddevices, etc. A base station is an electronic device that maycommunicate with one or more wireless communication devices. In someexamples, a base station may provide wireless communication devices withaccess to a network (e.g., cellular network, local area network (LAN),wide area network (WAN), the Internet, etc.). In some examples, awireless communication device (e.g., UE, embedded device, telematicsunit, mobile device, etc.) and/or base station (e.g., Node B, evolvedNode B (eNB), g Node B (gNB), etc.) may execute and/or utilize variousradio technologies like Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM),third-generation wireless (3G) (e.g., Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS), Code Division Multiple Access 2000(CDMA2000), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), etc.),fourth-generation wireless (4G) (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE), etc.),and/or fifth-generation wireless (5G) (e.g., New Radio (NR), etc.).

As used herein, a cell may refer to a wireless communication resource.For example, a cell may refer to a geographic region in which one ormore time, frequency, and/or spatial resources may be utilized tocommunicate wirelessly. A base station may correspond to and/or provideone or more cells. A serving cell may be a cell for communicatingpayload data (e.g., uplink and/or downlink data) with a wirelesscommunication device. In some examples, a serving cell may be a cellthat is in a connected mode (e.g., RRC_Connected mode) or idle mode(e.g., RRC_Idle) with a wireless communication device. For instance, awireless communication device may monitor one or more channels (e.g.,physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and/or physical downlinkshared channel (PDSCH)) of a serving cell for payload data. Anon-serving cell may be cell that is not configured to communicatepayload data with a wireless communication device. In some examples, awireless communication device (e.g., UE) may be configured with a listof one or more non-serving cells to monitor. For instance, one or morenon-serving cells may be candidate(s) to become a next serving cell whenthe wireless communication device moves out of coverage of the currentserving cell.

Some of the configurations described herein may enable layer 1 (L1)and/or layer 2 (L2) inter-cell mobility. For example, inter-cellmobility may refer to a capability of a wireless communication device tomove between cells. For instance, a wireless communication device maymove between cells, where cell service may be switched or handed offbetween cells. As used herein, the term “layer” and variations thereofmay refer to a protocol layer or layers in some examples. For example,L1 may refer to a physical (PHY) layer of a protocol stack, L2 may referto a medium access control (MAC) layer of a protocol stack, and/or layer3 (L3) may refer to a radio resource control (RRC) layer of a protocolstack. In some examples, one or more other layers may be included in L1,L2, and/or L3. For instance, L2 may include radio link control (RLC)protocol, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and/or MAC protocol.

In some approaches, inter-cell mobility is handled at L3 (e.g., an RRClayer). Enabling inter-cell mobility at L1 and/or L2 may improveinter-cell mobility performance. For instance, handling inter-cellmobility at L1 and/or L2 may enable handover to be completed morequickly (e.g., with less latency and/or delay).

A TCI state may be a set of information that may be utilized forperforming communication with one or more cells. In some examples, a TCIstate may include reference signal (RS) information (e.g., a referencesignal measurement, a reference signal indicator, etc.). A referencesignal may be a signal sent from a base station. Examples of referencesignals may include a channel state information reference signal(CSI-RS), a tracking reference signal (TRS), and/or a synchronizationsignal block (SSB), etc. In some examples, a reference signal may beutilized to determine one or more parameters for communication. Forinstance, a reference signal may be utilized to determine an RSS, achannel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI),and/or rank indicator (RI) for reporting to a base station. The RSS,CQI, PMI, and/or RI may be utilized to determine one or more aspects fora communication link (e.g., transmit power, precoding, and/or number ofantennas utilized, etc.).

In some approaches, a TCI state may only be associated with one or moreserving cell beams and/or serving cell reference signals. In someexamples of the techniques described herein, one or more non-servingcell reference signals may be associated with one or more TCI states formeasurement and/or reporting of one or more non-serving cells. One ormore benefits may be achieved by associating a TCI state with one ormore non-serving cell reference signals. In some examples, associating aTCI state with one or more non-serving cell reference signals may enableL1-based measurement and/or reporting for non-serving cells. In someexamples, associating a TCI state with one or more non-serving cellreference signals may enable supporting handover data (e.g., fasthandover data) and/or one or more control channels for non-servingcell(s) (e.g., other cell beam(s)) in one or more TCI states. In someexamples, enhanced measurement of one or more non-serving cell beams maybe supported by associating the reference signal(s) (e.g., aperiodicCSI-RS (AP-CSI-RS), TRS, etc.) with one or more TCI state(s).

In some examples, a TCI state may be structured to support associationwith one or more non-serving cell reference signals. For instance, TCIstate content may be modified to include information for one or morenon-serving cell reference signals. In some examples, procedures may bemodified for activating and/or updating one or more TCI statesassociated with one or more non-serving cell reference signals. Forinstance, application time(s) may be established for the activationand/or update of TCI state(s) of non-serving cell reference signal(s).

Various configurations are now described with reference to the Figures,where like reference numbers may or may not indicate functionallysimilar elements. The systems and methods as generally described andillustrated in the Figures herein could be arranged and designed in awide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following moredetailed description of several configurations, as represented in theFigures, is not intended to limit scope, as claimed, but is merelyrepresentative of the systems and methods.

Introduction to Wireless Communication Networks

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communicationdevice 102 in which examples of one or more non-serving cell states maybe utilized. The wireless communication device 102 may be an example ofthe wireless communication device 202 described in relation to FIG. 2. Afirst base station 112 is also illustrated in FIG. 1. The first basestation 112 may be a radio access network (RAN) or may be included in aRAN. In some examples, the first base station 112 may be an example ofthe base station 226 described in relation to FIG. 2. A second basestation 128 is also illustrated. In this example, the wirelesscommunication device 102 communicates with the first base station 112.For instance, the first base station 112 sends one or more signals tothe wireless communication device 102 over a first channel 122. In someexamples, the first base station 112 may provide a serving cell. Forinstance, the wireless communication device 102 may communicate payloaddata with (e.g., send payload data to and/or receive payload data from)the first base station 112. In some examples, the wireless communicationdevice 102 may be in a connected mode with the first base station 112.

In some examples, the first base station 112 may send a messageindicating a TCI state to the wireless communication device 102. Forinstance, the first base station 112 may send a message to the wirelesscommunication device 102 to configure one or more TCI states. In someapproaches, the message may be a TCI state information element (IE). Insome examples, the message may include and/or indicate a non-servingcell identifier. The non-serving cell identifier may be information thatidentifies a non-serving cell and/or that enables identification of anon-serving cell. In some examples, the first base station 112 may senda reference signal (e.g., a serving cell reference signal).

In some examples, the second base station 128 may send one or morereference signals to the wireless communication device 102. Forinstance, the second base station 128 may send one or more non-servingcell reference signals to the wireless communication device 102 via asecond channel 124.

In some examples, the wireless communication device 102 may determinethe TCI state based on the message and the received reference signalfrom the second base station 128 (e.g., non-serving cell). The wirelesscommunication device 102 may utilize the received reference signal todetermine one or more values of the TCI state. For instance, thewireless communication device 102 may set one or more values of the TCIstate based on the received reference signal from the non-serving cell.Examples of one or more values of a TCI state may include a CSI-RS value(e.g., non-zero power CSI-RS (NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId)), SSB value (e.g.,SSB-Index), etc. In some cases, the TCI state may be utilized forreporting and/or handover. For instance, the wireless communicationdevice 102 may report one or more parameters (e.g., RSS, CQI, PMI, RI,etc.) to the first base station 112 based on the non-serving cellreference signal and/or may be handed over to the second base station128, which may switch to providing the serving cell for the wirelesscommunication device 102.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wirelesscommunication device 202 and an example of a base station 226 in whichtechniques for one or more non-serving cell states may be implemented.The wireless communication device 202 is a device or apparatus fortransmitting and/or receiving RF signals. Examples of the wirelesscommunication device 202 include UEs, smartphones, tablet devices,computing devices, computers (e.g., desktop computers, laptop computers,etc.), televisions, cameras, virtual reality devices (e.g., headsets),telematics units, embedded devices (e.g., telematics unit embedded in avehicle), vehicles (e.g., semi-autonomous vehicles, autonomous vehicles,etc.), robots, aircraft, drones, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs),healthcare equipment, gaming consoles, Internet of Things (IoT) devices,etc. The wireless communication device 202 includes one or morecomponents or elements. One or more of the components or elements (e.g.,TCI state determination controller 208) may be implemented in hardware(e.g., circuitry) or a combination of hardware and instructions (e.g., aprocessor with software and/or firmware stored in memory).

In some examples, the wireless communication device 202 includes one ormore antennas 204, a transceiver 206, and/or a processor 210. In someexamples, the wireless communication device 202 includes one or morecomponents and/or elements that are not shown in FIG. 2. For example,the wireless communication device 202 may include an RF front end (RFE),switch(es), filter(s), power amplifier(s), downconverter(s),upconverter(s), memory, and/or display (e.g., touchscreen), etc.

The transceiver 206 may be configured to send one or more signals to oneor more other devices (e.g., base station 226) and/or to receive one ormore signals from one or more other devices (e.g., base station 226,other base station(s), serving cell(s), and/or non-serving cell(s),etc.). For example, a base station 226 may utilize one or more antennas214 to transmit one or more signals to the wireless communication device202 and/or to receive one or more signals from the wirelesscommunication device 202. The transceiver 206 may include a transmitter(to send signal(s), for example) and/or a receiver (to receivesignal(s), for example). In some examples, the transceiver 206 may becoupled to the antenna(s) 204 for transmitting and/or receiving signals.The transceiver 206 may be circuitry configured to perform one or morefunctions. For example, the transceiver 206 may include one or moreintegrated circuits with circuit components (e.g., transistors,resistors, capacitors, etc.). For instance, the transceiver 206 mayinclude one or more power amplifiers, switches (for antenna portswitching, for instance), filters, low-noise amplifiers, etc. Theantenna(s) 204 may radiate one or more signals (e.g., electromagneticsignals, RF signals, wireless signals, etc.) provided by the transceiver206. In some examples, the antenna(s) 204 may be utilized to receive oneor more signals (e.g., message(s) indicating TCI state(s), configurationsignals, etc.) from another device or devices (e.g., base station 226).For instance, the antenna(s) 204 may provide received signals to thetransceiver 206 of the wireless communication device 202.

The processor 210 may be hardware (e.g., circuitry, transistors, etc.)for performing one or more operations. In some examples, the processor210 may be one or more modems (e.g., modem processors) for performingoperations (e.g., modulation, encoding, precoding, formatting,demodulation, decoding, etc.). For instance, the processor 210 mayperform one or more operations on one or more signals and provide thesignal(s) to the transceiver 206 for transmission. In some examples, theprocessor 210 may control one or more aspects of transceiver 206operation. For instance, the processor 210 may control antenna portswitching, antenna weighting (e.g., phase weighting and/or gainweighting), etc., to enable transmission and/or reception on one or morecarriers, beams, streams, and/or multiple input multiple output (MIMO)layers. In some examples, the processor 210 may perform one or moreoperations on received signals from a receiver. For instance, theprocessor 210 may perform demodulation, detection, decoding, etc.,and/or may convert the signal(s) or portions of the signal(s) into data(e.g., bits).

In some examples, the processor 210 executes instructions to perform oneor more functions. In some examples, the processor 210 includes one ormore functionalities that are structurally implemented as hardware(e.g., circuitry). In some examples, the processor 210 includes abaseband processor, a modem processor, an application processor, and/orany combination thereof. In some examples, the wireless communicationdevice 202 and/or the processor 210 may be configured to perform one ormore of the methods 300, 700 and/or one or more portions of method(s),function(s), and/or operation(s) described in relation to one or more ofthe Figures. In some examples, the wireless communication device 202and/or processor 210 includes one or more of the components and/orelements described in relation to one or more of the Figures.

The base station 226 is a device or apparatus for transmitting and/orreceiving RF signals. Examples of the base station 226 include Node Bs,eNBs, gNBs, cellular towers, access points, gateways, wireless routers,etc. The base station 226 includes one or more components or elements.One or more of the components or elements (e.g., base station TCI stateconfiguration controller 218) may be implemented in hardware (e.g.,circuitry) or a combination of hardware and instructions (e.g., aprocessor with software and/or firmware stored in memory).

In some examples, the base station 226 includes one or more antennas214, a base station transceiver 216, and/or a base station processor220. In some examples, the base station 226 includes one or morecomponents and/or elements that are not shown in FIG. 2. For example,the base station 226 may include an RF front end (RFE), switch(es),filter(s), power amplifier(s), downconverter(s), upconverter(s), memory,and/or display, etc.

The base station transceiver 216 may be configured to send one or moresignals to one or more other devices (e.g., wireless communicationdevice 202 and/or one or more other wireless communication devices)and/or to receive one or more signals from one or more other devices(e.g., wireless communication device 202 and/or one or more otherwireless communication devices). For example, a base station 226 mayutilize one or more antennas 214 to transmit one or more signals to thewireless communication device 202 and/or to receive one or more signalsfrom the wireless communication device 202. The base station transceiver216 may include a transmitter (to send signal(s), for example) and/or areceiver (to receive signal(s), for example). In some examples, the basestation transceiver 216 may be coupled to the antennas 214 fortransmitting and/or receiving signals. The base station transceiver 216may be circuitry configured to perform one or more functions. Forexample, the base station transceiver 216 may include one or moreintegrated circuits with circuit components (e.g., transistors,resistors, capacitors, etc.). For instance, the base station transceiver216 may include one or more power amplifiers, switches (for antenna portswitching, for instance), filters, low-noise amplifiers, etc. Theantenna(s) 214 may radiate one or more signals (e.g., electromagneticsignals, RF signals, wireless signals, reference signal(s), message(s)indicating TCI state(s), etc.) provided by the base station transceiver216. In some examples, the antenna(s) 214 may be utilized to receive oneor more signals (e.g., RSS, CQI, RI, PMI, etc.) from another device ordevices (e.g., wireless communication device 202). For instance, theantenna(s) 214 may provide received signals to the base stationtransceiver 216 of the base station 226.

The base station processor 220 may be hardware (e.g., circuitry,transistors, etc.) for performing one or more operations. In someexamples, the base station processor 220 may be one or more modems(e.g., modem processors) for performing operations (e.g., modulation,encoding, precoding, formatting, demodulation, decoding, etc.). Forinstance, the base station processor 220 may perform one or moreoperations on one or more signals and provide the signal(s) to the basestation transceiver 216 for transmission. In some examples, the basestation processor 220 may control one or more aspects of base stationtransceiver 216 operation. For instance, the base station processor 220may control antenna port switching, antenna weighting (e.g., phaseweighting and/or gain weighting), etc., to enable transmission and/orreception on one or more carriers, beams, streams, and/or MIMO layers.In some examples, the base station processor 220 may perform one or moreoperations on received signals from a receiver. For instance, the basestation processor 220 may perform demodulation, detection, decoding,etc., and/or may convert the signal(s) or portions of the signal(s) intodata (e.g., bits).

In some examples, the base station processor 220 executes instructionsto perform one or more functions. In some examples, the base stationprocessor 220 includes one or more functionalities that are structurallyimplemented as hardware (e.g., circuitry). In some examples, the basestation processor 220 includes a baseband processor, a modem processor,an application processor, and/or any combination thereof. In someexamples, the base station 226 and/or the base station processor 220 maybe configured to perform one or more of the methods 400, 800 and/or oneor more portions of method(s), function(s), and/or operation(s)described in relation to one or more of the Figures. In some examples,the base station 226 and/or base station processor 220 includes one ormore of the components and/or elements described in relation to one ormore of the Figures.

In some examples, the wireless communication device 202, processor 210,transceiver 206, base station 226, base station processor 220, and/orbase station transceiver 216 may implement one or more aspects of one ormore specifications (e.g., 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)Release 25, 3GPP Release 26, fifth generation (5G), New Radio (NR),and/or Long-Term Evolution (LTE), etc.). In some examples, the wirelesscommunication device 202 transmits signals to one or more base stations(e.g., base station 226) and/or receives signals from one or more basestations (e.g., base station 226). For instance, the wirelesscommunication device 202 may transmit signals to and/or may receivesignals from one or more RANs, eNBs, gNBs, cellular networks, etc. Insome examples, the wireless communication device 202 also communicateswith one or more radio access technologies (RATs) (e.g., cellularnetwork, wireless local area network (WLAN), Wi-Fi network, personalarea network (PAN), and/or Bluetooth, etc.).

In some examples, the base station 226 (e.g., base station processor 220and/or base station TCI state configuration controller 218) may beconfigured to determine a configuration for one or more TCI states. Forinstance, the base station 226 may determine one or more cells (e.g.,serving cell(s) and/or non-serving cell(s)) for the wirelesscommunication device 202 to monitor, one or more non-serving cellidentifiers, one or more resources (e.g., time and/or frequencyresources, such as a bandwidth part (BWP), for non-serving cellmonitoring), quasi-colocation (QCL) type(s) (e.g., typeA, typeB, typeC,typeD, etc.) corresponding to one or more non-serving cells, etc. A QCLtype may indicate a relationship between the TCI state and a referencesignal. For instance, QCL typeA may indicate shared factors (e.g.,Doppler shift, Doppler spread, delay, and/or delay spread) between areference signal and the TCI state. Other QCL types may indicate fewershared factors (e.g., typeB may indicate shared Doppler shift andDoppler spread, typeC may indicate shared delay and Doppler shift,and/or typeD may indicate a shared angle of reception and/or spatialfilter). For instance, a QCL type may indicate a relationship between anon-serving cell reference signal and the associated TCI state.

In some examples, the base station 226 may determine the configurationfor the TCI state based on one or more communications with and/or dataabout one or more base stations (e.g., nearby base station(s),neighboring base station(s), etc.). For instance, the base station 226may communicate with one or more other base stations (not shown in FIG.2) to determine resources (e.g., time and/or frequency resources, BWP,etc.) on which other base station(s) send reference signal(s). In someexamples, the base station 226 may communicate with the base station(s)using one or more wired and/or wireless links (e.g., backhaul link(s)).In some approaches, the base station 226 may communicate with one ormore other base stations to determine one or more non-serving cellidentifiers for monitoring. In some examples, information fordetermining a configuration for a TCI state may be previously storedand/or based on input received from a user.

In some examples, the base station 226 may include a transmitterconfigured to send a message indicating a TCI state. For instance, thebase station 226 may send a message to the wireless communication device202 indicating the determined configuration for the TCI state. Themessage may be used (by the wireless communication device 202, forinstance) to determine the TCI state based on one or more non-servingcell identifiers and one or more reference signals from one or morenon-serving cells. In some examples, the base station 226 may provide aserving cell for the wireless communication device 202 and/or anon-serving cell for the wireless communication device 202 and/or one ormore other wireless communication devices (not shown in FIG. 2). In someexamples, another base station (not shown in FIG. 2) may provide anon-serving cell and/or a serving cell for the wireless communicationdevice 202.

In some examples, the wireless communication device 202 may include areceiver configured to receive a message indicating a TCI state. Forinstance, the transceiver 206 may receive the message indicating the TCIstate. The wireless communication device 202 (e.g., processor 210 and/orTCI state determination controller 208) may be configured to determinethe TCI state based on the message, one or more non-serving cellidentifiers, and/or one or more received reference signals from anon-serving cell. For example, the wireless communication device 202 mayutilize the received message to identify and/or monitor one or morenon-serving cells. In some examples, the non-serving cell identifier(s)may be included in the message and/or the message may indicate one ormore non-serving cells for monitoring (e.g., an indicator of and/or alist of non-serving cells). The wireless communication device 202 (e.g.,antenna(s) 204 and/or transceiver 206) may monitor for and/or receiveone or more reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS(s), TRS(s), and/or SSB(s),etc.) from one or more non-serving cells indicated by one or morenon-serving cell identifiers. In some examples, the received referencesignal(s) may be one or more CSI-RSs, one or more SSBs, and/or one ormore TRSs, etc. In some examples, one or more received reference signalsfrom one or more non-serving cells may be one or more source referencesignals to determine and/or define QCL information (e.g., QCL-info) ofthe TCI state(s). For instance, a source reference signal may be areference signal that is used to define QCL information of a TCI state.In some examples, determining the TCI state may include determiningand/or defining QCL information for the TCI state based on a receivedreference signal (from a non-serving cell, for instance). A referencesignal (e.g., source reference signal) may be represented as a propertyof a TCI state. For instance, a TCI state may include a property“referenceSignal,” which may be utilized to represent the receivedreference signal (e.g., a source reference signal).

In some approaches, a TCI state information element is limited to asource reference signal only from the same serving cell. In someexamples of the techniques described herein, to allow a TCI state to beassociated with one or more non-serving cell reference signals, a TCIstate (e.g., TCI state information element) may include one or morenon-serving cell identifiers. For instance, the TCI state may includeone or more non-serving cell identifiers.

In some examples, a TCI state information element may include servingcell and/or non-serving cell identifier information. For instance, a TCIstate may include QCL information. In some approaches, QCL informationof a TCI state corresponds to non-serving cell information withoutserving cell information. For instance, all QCL information in a TCIstate information element may all use reference signals from the samenon-serving cell.

In some approaches, QCL information of a TCI state corresponds to one ormore non-serving cell identifiers. For instance, a TCI state may includeQCL information corresponding to non-serving cell identifier(s)non-exclusively (e.g., may also include QCL information corresponding toserving cell identifier(s)). In some examples, a non-serving cellidentifier information may be included in QCL information (e.g., eachQCL-Info). In some approaches, a non-serving cell identifier may be aproperty of the QCL information. For instance, a non-serving cellidentifier property may be included inside QCL information (e.g., aQCL-Info parameter). In some approaches, a non-serving cell identifieris a property of a reference signal property (e.g., “referenceSignal”)of QCL information (e.g., in a QCL-Info property or parameter). Forexample, a QCL-Info parameter may include a cell property, a BWPidentifier property, a reference signal property, and/or a QCL typeproperty. The reference signal property may include a CSI-RS propertyand/or an SSB property. A non-serving cell identifier may be includedwith a CSI-RS (e.g., CSI-RS property) and/or SSB (e.g., SSB property)(as a property of the reference signal property, for instance). In someapproaches, a QCL type of the QCL information indicates that a receivedreference signal corresponds to a non-serving cell. For instance, a QCLtype (e.g., typeE) may be utilized to indicate that the reference signalis from a non-serving cell.

Listing (1) is an example of a TCI state information element. In some ofthe approaches described herein, one or more non-serving cellidentifiers may be incorporated into a TCI state information element asone or more properties and/or sub-properties. For instance, anon-serving cell identifier property (and/or property of a property) maybe added to the TCI state and/or may replace a property (and/or propertyof a property) of the example of the TCI state illustrated in Listing(1).

Listing (1)   -- ANS1START   -- TAG-TCI-STATE-START TCI-State ::=SEQUENCE {  tci-StateId  TCI-StateId,  qcl-Type1  QCL-Info,  qcl-Type2 QCL-Info OPTIONAL, -- Need R  . . . } QCL-Info ::= SEQUENCE {  cell ServCellIndex OPTIONAL, -- Need R  bwp-Id  BWP-Id OPTIONAL - CondCSI-RS-Indicated  referenceSignal  CHOICE {   csi-rs  NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId,   ssb   SSB-Index  },  qcl-Type  ENUMERATED{typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD},  . . . } -- TAG-TCI-STATE-STOP -- ASN1STOP

Example Non-Serving Cell States

In some examples, the wireless communication device 202 (e.g.,transceiver 206, transmitter, etc.) may be configured to transmit acapability report indicating a TCI state capability. In some examples,the base station 226 (e.g., base station transceiver 216, receiver,etc.) may be configured to receive a capability report indicating a TCIstate capability. A TCI state capability may be information indicatingone or more capabilities of the wireless communication device 202 tohandle one or more TCI states associated with one or more non-servingcells. For instance, the wireless communication device 202 may have acapability to manage (e.g., monitor, maintain, record, report, etc.) oneor more TCI states for one or more non-serving cells. In some examples,a capability may be expressed as a class, where each class may establisha minimum number and/or maximum number for one or more capabilities thatthe class supports. In some examples, the wireless communication device202 (e.g., UE) may report the capability(ies) to the base station 226(e.g., gNB).

In some examples, the TCI state capability may indicate a maximum numberof TCI states for serving cells and non-serving cells. For instance, thewireless communication device 202 may report a maximum number of TCIstates including any TCI state(s) for serving cell(s) and fornon-serving cell(s).

In some examples, the wireless communication device 202 may report a TCIstate capability of non-serving cells. For example, the TCI statecapability may indicate a maximum number of TCI states for non-servingcells. For instance, the TCI state capability may indicate a maximumtotal number of TCI states for all non-serving cell(s). In one example,the wireless communication device 202 may be capable of supporting up to64 TCI states total for all non-serving cells.

In some examples, the TCI state capability may indicate a maximum numberof TCI states per non-serving cell. For instance, the TCI statecapability may indicate a maximum number of TCI states per non-servingcell. In one example, the wireless communication device 202 may becapable of supporting up to 8 TCI states per non-serving cell.

In some examples, the TCI state capability may indicate a maximum numberof non-serving cells with reference signals configured for TCI stateassociation. The non-serving cells may be identified, for example, bytheir physical cell IDs (PCIs). Thus, the TCI state capability mayindicate a maximum number of PCIs, different from the serving cell PCI,that are associated with activated TCI states. For instance, the TCIstate capability may indicate a maximum number of non-serving cells withcorresponding reference signals that are configured for a TCI state. Inone example, the wireless communication device 202 may be capable ofsupporting up to 8 non-serving cells with reference signals for one ormore TCI states. In another example, the wireless communication device202 may be capable of supporting one PCI, different from the servingcell PCI, with corresponding reference signals that are configured foran activated TCI state.

In some examples, separate numbering spaces (e.g., different numericalranges) may be utilized for one or more TCI states associated withserving cell reference signal(s) and for TCI states associated withnon-serving cell reference signal(s). For instance, each TCI state mayhave an associated TCI state identifier. A first TCI state identifiernumbering space for serving cells may be separate from a second TCIstate identifier numbering space for non-serving cells. In someapproaches, a TCI state associated with non-serving cell referencesignal(s) may follow different update and/or activation rules, and/ormay be subject to different capability constraints. The TCI state(s)associated with non-serving cell reference signal(s) may be numberedusing a separate TCI state identifier space from TCI state(s) of servingcell reference signal(s). For example, a TCI state of a serving cellreference signal may be numbered with a TCI state identifier in a rangeof 0-63, and a TCI state of a non-serving cell may be numbered with aTCI state identifier in a range of 64-127.

In some examples, a TCI state identifier numbering space may be sharedfor one or more serving cells and/or one or more non-serving cells. Forinstance, all TCI state identifiers may share the same numbering space.

In some examples, one or more restrictions may be imposed on referencesignals for monitoring (e.g., source reference signals). For instance,the wireless communication device 202 may monitor a limited and/orrestricted set of reference signals. In some examples, a monitoring setof reference signals may be a set of reference signals that may be usedto determine a TCI state. For instance, only a reference signal orreference signals in the monitoring set of reference signals may be usedas a source reference(s) of the TCI state. For example, a monitoring setof reference signals corresponding to one or more non-serving cells maybe based on a frequency range of serving cell reference signal(s) and/ora wireless communication device capability. In some approaches, one ormore restrictions may be utilized based on BWP and/or frequencylocations of the non-serving cell reference signal(s). For example,based on wireless communication device 202 (e.g., UE) capability,reference signals within a same frequency range (e.g., BWP and/orfrequency location(s)) of serving cell reference signal(s) may be usedas non-serving cell reference signal(s). Intra-frequency monitoring fornon-serving cells may refer to a monitoring set of one or morenon-serving cell reference signals that are included within a frequencyrange (e.g., BWP) that includes one or more serving cell referencesignals.

In some examples, the monitoring set of reference signals correspondingto one or more non-serving cells may include one or more referencesignals that are outside of (e.g., not included within) a frequencyrange that includes one or more serving cell reference signals.Inter-frequency monitoring for non-serving cells may refer to amonitoring set of one or more non-serving cell reference signals thatoutside of a frequency range (e.g., BWP) that includes one or moreserving cell reference signals. In some examples, intra-frequencymonitoring may be supported by a lower wireless communication devicecapability class than a wireless communication device capability classthat supports inter-frequency monitoring.

In some examples, a monitoring set of reference signals for sub-layer 3mobility corresponding to one or more non-serving cells may be based ona received set of reference signal identifiers. For instance, the basestation 226 may send, and/or the wireless communication device 202 mayreceive, a set of reference signal identifiers. The set of referencesignal identifiers may be sent in a message for layer 3 (L3) monitoring,but may be refashioned for sub-layer 3 (e.g., L1 and/or L2) mobility. Insome approaches, a wireless communication device may monitor othercells' reference signals. For instance, an information element (e.g.,MeasObjectNR) may indicate configurations of other cells' referencesignal measurement. An information element (e.g., ReferenceSignalConfig)may provide a list of SSBs and/or CSI-RSs that a wireless communicationdevice may measure. In some examples of the techniques described herein,not all non-serving cell reference signals may be configured as a sourcereference for a TCI state. For instance, qualified non-serving cellreference signals may include the non-serving cell reference signalsconfigured in a monitoring set of reference signals (e.g., list). Anexample of the monitoring set of reference signals may include theinformation element ReferenceSignalConfig from the serving cell (e.g.,base station 226). In an example, assume that a serving cell is cell0,and SSB1 of cell2 is configured in the list in ReferenceSignalConfig.SSB1 of ce112 may be used as a source reference signal for the TCI statein cell0. For example, a TCI state associated with a non-serving cell,TCI1, may be defined using SSB1 of ce112 as a source reference signal.

In some examples, the monitoring set of reference signals correspondingto one or more non-serving cells may be based on a serving cell TCIstate. For instance, the monitoring set of reference signals may includeone or more non-serving cell reference signals that is or are targetreference signals of the serving cell TCI state. A target referencesignal may be a reference signal corresponding to a non-serving cellthat is targeted for potential handover. In an example, in cell0, aCSI-RS0 may be defined using TCI1 (e.g., CSI-RS0 may be a targetreference signal of TCI1). Accordingly, CSI-RS0 may be used as a sourcereference signal of a TCI state associated with a non-serving cell.

In some examples, the wireless communication device 202 (e.g., processor210 and/or TCI state determination controller 208, etc.) may beconfigured to select a reference signal (e.g., a source referencesignal) from a qualified set of reference signals. For instance, thesource reference signal of TCI state associated with a non-serving cellmay only be selected from the qualified set of reference signals in someapproaches. A qualified set of reference signals may be a set ofreference signals from which a source reference signal may be selected.In some cases, the qualified set of reference signals may be differentfrom, similar to, or the same as the monitored set of reference signals.For example, there may be cases in which the wireless communicationdevice 202 may monitor one or more inter-frequency reference signals(e.g., a set of reference signals that includes one or more referencesignals outside of a frequency range of one or more serving cellreference signals), while only an intra-frequency reference signal(e.g., a reference signal that is within a frequency range of one ormore serving cell reference signals) may be selected and/or used as asource reference signal.

In some examples, the wireless communication device 202 (e.g., processor210 and/or TCI state determination controller 208, etc.) may beconfigured to determine the qualified set of reference signals. In someapproaches, the wireless communication device 202 (e.g., processor 210and/or TCI state determination controller 208, etc.) may be configuredto determine the qualified set of reference signals based on themonitoring set of reference signals. For instance, the qualified set ofreference signals may be the monitored set of reference signals, whichmay be determined as described above.

In some approaches, the wireless communication device 202 (e.g.,processor 210 and/or TCI state determination controller 208, etc.) maybe configured to determine the qualified set of reference signals basedon a frequency range of serving cell reference signals and/or a wirelesscommunication device capability. For instance, the qualified set may berestricted based on BWP and/or frequency locations of the non-servingcell reference signal(s). For example, based on wireless communicationdevice 202 (e.g., UE) capability, reference signals within a samefrequency range (e.g., BWP and/or frequency location(s)) of serving cellreference signal(s) may be used as qualified non-serving cell referencesignal(s). The qualified set of reference signals (e.g., one or morenon-serving cell reference signals) may be determined as non-servingcell reference signals (e.g., intra-frequency reference signals) thatare included within a frequency range (e.g., BWP) that includes one ormore serving cell reference signals.

In some examples, the qualified set of reference signals may bedetermined to include one or more one or more non-serving cell referencesignals (e.g., inter-frequency reference signals) that are outside of(e.g., not included within) a frequency range that includes one or moreserving cell reference signals. The qualified set of reference signalsmay include inter-frequency reference signal(s) and/or intra-frequencyreference signal(s) corresponding to one or more non-serving cells. Insome examples, the qualified set of reference signals may include one ormore non-serving cell reference signals that are outside of a frequencyrange (e.g., BWP) that includes one or more serving cell referencesignals. In some examples, a qualified set of intra-frequency referencesignal(s) may be supported by a lower wireless communication devicecapability class than a wireless communication device capability classthat supports a qualified set of inter-frequency reference signal(s)(with or without intra-frequency reference signal(s), for instance).

In some examples, a qualified set of reference signals for sub-layer 3mobility corresponding to one or more non-serving cells may bedetermined based on a received set of reference signal identifiers. Forinstance, the base station 226 may send, and/or the wirelesscommunication device 202 may receive, a set of reference signalidentifiers. The set of reference signal identifiers may be sent in amessage for layer 3 (L3) monitoring, but may be refashioned forsub-layer 3 (e.g., L1 and/or L2) mobility. For instance, the qualifiedset of reference signals may be determined based on (e.g., selectedfrom) one or more information elements (e.g., MeasObjectNR and/orReferenceSignalConfig) that may indicate configurations of other cells'reference signal measurement and/or that may provide a list of SSBsand/or CSI-RSs that a wireless communication device may measure. Forinstance, qualified non-serving cell reference signals may include thenon-serving cell reference signals configured by an information element(e.g., list). An example of the qualified set of reference signals mayinclude the information element ReferenceSignalConfig from the servingcell (e.g., base station 226).

In some examples, the wireless communication device 202 (e.g., processor210 and/or TCI state determination controller 208, etc.) may beconfigured to determine the qualified set of reference signals(corresponding to one or more non-serving cells, for instance) based ona serving cell TCI state. For instance, the qualified set of referencesignals may be determined to include one or more non-serving cellreference signals that is or are target reference signals of the servingcell TCI state. In some examples, the qualified set of reference signalsmay be determined based on whether the reference signal of thenon-serving cell is quasi-colocated to a serving cell TCI state.

As a wireless communication device (e.g., UE) moves, a wirelesscommunication device may use different beams from different basestations (e.g., gNBs). In some examples, a base station and/or wirelesscommunication device may update TCI states accordingly. For TCI statesof serving cell reference signals, an RRC configuration of a TCI statemay be updated. In some approaches, downlink control information (DCI)may be utilized to update the content of a TCI state. In someapproaches, a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) maybe utilized to activate and/or select TCI states for a PDSCH and/orPDCCH.

In some approaches for updating a TCI state for a non-serving cell, DCIand/or a MAC-CE may be utilized. Using DCI and/or a MAC-CE may reducelatency. As described herein, the base station 226 may send, and/or thewireless communication device 202 may receive, a message indicating aTCI state that may be associated with a non-serving cell. In someexamples, the message may be a DCI message (for activating and/orupdating a TCI state for one or more non-serving cells). The wirelesscommunication device 202 (e.g., processor 210) may be configured todetermine an acknowledgement (ACK) in response to the DCI message. Thewireless communication device 202 (e.g., transceiver 206) may send theACK to the base station 226 in response to the DCI message. For DCIbased update and/or activation, for instance, the wireless communicationdevice 202 (e.g., UE) may send an ACK for the DCI to confirm reception.

In some examples, the message may be a MAC-CE message. For instance, thebase station 226 may send, and/or the wireless communication device 202may receive, a MAC-CE message to update and/or activate a TCI stateassociated with a non-serving cell. In some examples, if MAC-CE and/orDCI-based signaling is not supported for updating and/or activating aTCI state associated with a non-serving cell, then the wirelesscommunication device 202 (e.g., UE) may utilize RRC-basedreconfiguration. For instance, the base station 226 may send, and/or thewireless communication device 202 may receive, an RRC message to updateand/or activate a TCI state associated with a non-serving cell.

In some examples, updating a TCI state associated with a non-servingcell reference signal may follow one or more procedures. For instance,the message may indicate a switch in reference signal associationbetween reference signals (e.g., between monitored reference signalsand/or to a qualified reference signal). The wireless communicationdevice 202 (e.g., processor 210) may be configured to switch a referencesignal association between monitored reference signals (e.g., to switchthe source reference signal of a TCI state to another reference signal).For example, the message may indicate changing an associated referencesignal from RS1 to RS2, where RS1 and RS2 are both configured in themonitored set of reference signals (e.g., a list indicated byReferenceSignalConfig or ReferenceSignalConfiguration). In someexamples, the message may indicate adding a monitored reference signal(and/or qualified reference signal) and switching a reference signalassociation (e.g., switching a source reference signal) to the addedmonitored reference signal (and/or qualified reference signal). Thewireless communication device 202 (e.g., transceiver 206, receiver,etc.) may be configured to receive signaling (a message sent from a basestation, such as base station 226, for example) indicating a referencesignal switch (e.g., a switch of the source reference signal). Thewireless communication device 202 (e.g., processor 210) may beconfigured to add a monitored reference signal and switch a referencesignal (e.g., switch a source reference signal) association to the addedmonitored reference signal. For example, the update may include changingthe associated reference signal from RS1 to RS2, where RS2 is not in themonitored set of reference signals yet, and the monitored set ofreference signals (e.g., MeasObjectNR in RRC) may be updated first toinclude RS2.

The monitored set of reference signals may include all the referencesignals that the base station 226 (e.g., gNB) configures the wirelesscommunication device 202 (e.g., UE) to monitor. In some examples, MAC-CEand/or DCI based-signaling may be utilized to update a non-serving cellreference signal measurement configuration (e.g., the set of monitoredreference signals). In some examples, a single message (e.g., updatesignaling indicated by a MAC-CE message or DCI message) may be utilizedto update the set of monitored reference signals (e.g., MeasObject) andto update the TCI state configuration. In some approaches, updatingMeasObjectNR is performed via RRC reconfiguration.

In some examples, activation signaling may include one or a combinationof DCI, MAC-CE, and/or RRC signaling. In some examples, update signalingmay include one or a combination of DCI, MAC-CE, and/or RRC signaling.In some examples, the wireless communication device 202 (e.g., UE) mayreport a capability of which signaling and/or signaling combination issupported. For DCI and/or MAC-CE-based TCI update and/or activation, thewireless communication device (e.g., UE) may send an ACK for the DCI tothe base station 226 (e.g., gNB).

In some examples, the update and/or activation may take effect after anapplication time. An application time may be a period allocated for awireless communication device to activate and/or update a configuration(e.g., TCI state configuration). In some examples, an application timeis a period from a time of receiving signaling indicating an update to atime when the update takes effect. In some examples, an application timemay be a “beam application time” for a wireless communication device toactivate and/or update a configuration for a beam or beams.

One or more approaches may be utilized for application time inaccordance with the techniques described herein. In some examples, anapplication time for a non-serving cell beam may be configured by a basestation. For instance, a beam application time may be configured by thebase station 226 (e.g., gNB) based on a wireless communication device202 capability. For example, wireless communication device 202capability may be supported for a minimum value of beam applicationtime.

In some examples, an application time for a non-serving cell beam may beconfigured by a base station to be greater than or equal to a fixedminimum application time. For instance, a beam application time may beconfigured by the base station 226 (e.g., gNB), where a minimum value ofbeam application time is fixed and/or predefined.

In some examples, an application time for a non-serving cell beam isfixed. For instance, a beam application time may be fixed and/orpre-defined.

In some examples, a first application time for a non-serving cell (e.g.,non-serving cell beam) may be separate from a second application for aserving cell. For instance, an application time for the wirelesscommunication device 202 to apply an update and/or activation of a TCIstate associated with a non-serving cell may be different from anapplication time for a TCI state associated with a serving cell. In someexamples, the wireless communication device 202 (e.g., UE) may reporttwo separate capabilities (e.g., a capability for application time fornon-serving cell(s) and a capability for application time for servingcell(s)) to the base station 226. In some examples, the base station 226(e.g., gNB) may indicate two separate application times (e.g., a firstapplication time for non-serving cell(s) and a second application timefor serving cell(s)) to the wireless communication device 202. Forinstance, an application time for serving cell(s) may be 3 milliseconds(ms), and/or an application time for non-serving cell(s) may be the sameamount of time or longer (e.g., a 5 ms fixed time) or may be based onone or more SSB measurement timing configuration(s) (SMTC(s)). Otherexamples of application times (within a range, such as 0.5 ms to 20 ms,for instance) may be used in some configurations. In some examples,specifications (e.g., 3GPP specifications) may be modified to specifyseparate values of application times for non-serving cell(s) and servingcell(s). In some examples, application time of a TCI state associatedwith a non-serving cell may depend on an SMTC. For instance, anapplication time for non-serving cell(s) may vary with varying SMTCs.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating an example of a method 300 for oneor more non-serving cell states. In some examples, the method 300 isperformed by a wireless communication device (e.g., the wirelesscommunication device 202 described in relation to FIG. 2).

A wireless communication device may receive 302 a message indicating aTCI state. In some examples, receiving 302 the message may be performedas described in relation to FIG. 2. In some examples, the message mayindicate one or more non-serving cell identifiers and/or resources tomonitor to determine the TCI state.

The wireless communication device may receive 304 a reference signalfrom a non-serving cell. In some examples, receiving 304 the referencesignal may be performed as described in relation to FIG. 2. Forinstance, the wireless communication device may monitor resources (e.g.,time and/or frequency resource(s), BWP(s), etc., which may be indicatedby the message indicating the TCI state) to receive 304 one or morereference signals from one or more non-serving cells (e.g., basestation(s)).

The wireless communication device may determine 306 the TCI state basedon the message, a non-serving cell identifier, and/or the receivedreference signal from the non-serving cell. In some examples,determining 306 the TCI state may be performed as described in relationto FIG. 2. For instance, the wireless communication device may utilizeone or more received reference signals from one or more non-servingcells to determine one or more values (e.g., channel state measurements,channel state information (CSI), SSB, CQI, PMI, and/or RI, etc.). Thevalues may be measured and/or stored to determine the TCI state.

In some examples, the wireless communication device may utilize the TCIstate associated with non-serving cell(s) to perform one or moreoperations. For example, the wireless communication device may reportone or more of the values of the TCI state associated with one or morenon-serving cells. For instance, the wireless communication device maysend and/or indicate one or more values to a base station (e.g., servingcell), where the one or more values are determined from monitoring oneor more reference signals from one or more non-serving cells. In someexamples, the TCI state associated with one or more non-serving cellsmay be utilized for one or more mobility (e.g., handover) procedures.For instance, the wireless communication device may select, indicate,and/or communicate with a non-serving cell to transition the non-servingcell to a serving cell for the wireless communication device. Forinstance, the wireless communication device may select a non-servingcell with best TCI state values for handover. The wireless communicationdevice may send a request to the non-serving cell to connect to (e.g.,enter a connected mode) and/or receive service from the non-servingcell. In some examples, one or more of the mobility procedure(s) may beperformed at L1 and/or L2 (e.g., sub-L3).

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating another example of a method 400for one or more non-serving cell states. In some examples, the method400 is performed by a base station (e.g., the base station 226 describedin relation to FIG. 2).

A base station may determine 402 a configuration for a TCI state (e.g.,a TCI state associated with one or more non-serving cells). In someexamples, determining 402 a configuration for a TCI state may beperformed as described in relation to FIG. 2.

The base station may send 404 a message indicating the TCI state, wherethe message is utilized to determine the TCI state based on anon-serving cell identifier and a reference signal from a non-servingcell. In some examples, sending 404 the message may be performed asdescribed in relation to FIG. 2. In some examples, the message mayinclude and/or indicate one or more non-serving cell identifiers.

In some examples, the base station may perform one or more operationsbased on the TCI state associated with non-serving cell(s). For example,the base station may receive a report of one or more of the values ofthe TCI state associated with one or more non-serving cells. Forinstance, the base station may receive and/or receive an indication ofone or more values from a wireless communication device, where the oneor more values are determined from monitoring one or more referencesignals from one or more non-serving cells. In some examples, the TCIstate associated with one or more non-serving cells may be utilized forone or more mobility (e.g., handover) procedures. For instance, the basestation may communicate with a wireless communication device for the oneor more mobility procedures. For instance, the wireless communicationdevice may be handed off to another cell (e.g., non-serving cell or basestation) with best TCI state values for handover. In some examples, oneor more of the mobility procedure(s) may be performed at L1 and/or L2(e.g., sub-L3).

FIG. 5 is a thread diagram illustrating an example of utilization of oneor more non-serving cell states in accordance with some of thetechniques described herein. FIG. 5 illustrates a wireless communicationdevice 532. The wireless communication device 532 may be an example ofthe wireless communication device 202 described in relation to FIG. 2.FIG. 5 also illustrates a serving cell 530. The serving cell 530 may beprovided by a base station (e.g., the base station 226 described inrelation to FIG. 2 or another base station). FIG. 5 also illustrates anon-serving cell 534. The non-serving cell 534 may be provided by a basestation (e.g., the base station 226 described in relation to FIG. 2 oranother base station). One or more of the functions and/or operationsdescribed in relation to FIG. 5 may be performed as described inrelation to one or more of FIGS. 1-4 in some examples.

In this example, the serving cell 530 sends a TCI state message 536 tothe wireless communication device 532. For instance, the TCI statemessage 536 may indicate a TCI state associated with one or morenon-serving cells (e.g., the non-serving cell 534). In some examples,the TCI state message 536 may be sent as a DCI message, MAC-CE message,and/or RRC message. In some approaches, the DCI message and/or MAC-CEmessage may be sub-layer 3 messages. In some examples, the TCI statemessage 536 may indicate one or more non-serving cell identifiers forreference signal monitoring and/or one or more resources for referencesignal monitoring. When the TCI state message 536 is received, thewireless communication device 532 may update and/or activate (e.g.,configure) a TCI state within an application time.

The serving cell 530 may send a serving cell reference signal 538. Forexample, the serving cell 530 may send a CSI-RS, an SSB, and/or a TRS,etc., that corresponds to the serving cell 530 to the wirelesscommunication device 532.

The non-serving cell 534 may send a non-serving cell reference signal540. For example, the non-serving cell 534 may send a CSI-RS, an SSB,and/or a TRS, etc., that corresponds to the non-serving cell 534. Thewireless communication device 532 may receive the non-serving cellreference signal 540.

The wireless communication device 532 may perform TCI statedetermination 542. For instance, the wireless communication device 532may determine the TCI state based on the non-serving cell referencesignal 540. In some examples, the wireless communication device 532 maydetermine the TCI state based on the non-serving cell reference signal540 and the serving cell reference signal 538.

The wireless communication device 532 may perform one or more operations543 based on the TCI state. For example, the wireless communicationdevice 532 may report one or more values from the TCI state and/or mayperform one or more mobility (e.g., handover) procedures based on theTCI state.

FIG. 6 is a thread diagram illustrating another example of utilizationof one or more non-serving cell states in accordance with some of thetechniques described herein. FIG. 6 illustrates a wireless communicationdevice 632. The wireless communication device 632 may be an example ofthe wireless communication device 202 described in relation to FIG. 2.FIG. 6 also illustrates a serving cell 630. The serving cell 630 may beprovided by a base station (e.g., the base station 226 described inrelation to FIG. 2 or another base station). FIG. 6 also illustrates anon-serving cell 634. The non-serving cell 634 may be provided by a basestation (e.g., the base station 226 described in relation to FIG. 2 oranother base station). One or more of the functions and/or operationsdescribed in relation to FIG. 6 may be performed as described inrelation to one or more of FIGS. 1-5 in some examples.

In this example, the wireless communication device sends a TCI statecapability 644. The TCI state capability 644 may indicate a capabilityof the wireless communication device 632 to manage one or more TCIstates associated with one or more non-serving cells (e.g., thenon-serving cell 634). For instance, the TCI state capability 644 mayindicate a maximum number of TCI states that the wireless communicationdevice 632 can manage (including TCI state(s) for serving cells andnon-serving cells, for instance), a maximum number of non-serving cellTCI states that the wireless communication device 632 can manage, and/ora maximum number of non-serving cell TCI states per non-serving cellthat the wireless communication device 632 can manage, etc.

The serving cell 630 may send reference signal identifiers 646. Forexample, the serving cell 630 may send a message (e.g., MeasObjectNRand/or ReferenceSignalConfig, etc.) indicating a monitoring set ofreference signals.

The serving cell 630 may send a TCI state message 648 to the wirelesscommunication device 632. For instance, the TCI state message 648 mayindicate a TCI state associated with one or more non-serving cells(e.g., the non-serving cell 634). When the TCI state message 648 isreceived, the wireless communication device 632 may update and/oractivate (e.g., configure) a TCI state within an application time.

The serving cell 630 may send a serving cell reference signal 650. Forexample, the serving cell 630 may send a CSI-RS, an SSB, and/or a TRS,etc., that corresponds to the serving cell 630 to the wirelesscommunication device 632.

The non-serving cell 634 may send a non-serving cell reference signal652. For example, the non-serving cell 634 may send a CSI-RS, an SSB,and/or a TRS, etc. that corresponds to the non-serving cell 634. Thewireless communication device 632 may receive the non-serving cellreference signal 652.

The wireless communication device 632 may perform TCI statedetermination 654. For instance, the wireless communication device 632may determine the TCI state based on the non-serving cell referencesignal 652. In some examples, the wireless communication device 632 maydetermine the TCI state based on the non-serving cell reference signal652 and the serving cell reference signal 650.

The wireless communication device 632 may switch a reference signalassociation 656. For instance, switching a reference signal associationfor the TCI state may be a mobility (e.g., handover) procedure performedbased on the TCI state. In some examples, the wireless communicationdevice 632 may perform one or more additional mobility procedures basedon the TCI state that is associated with one or more non-serving cells.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating an example of a method 700 for oneor more non-serving cell states. In some examples, the method 700 isperformed by a wireless communication device (e.g., the wirelesscommunication device 202 described in relation to FIG. 2).

A wireless communication device may send 702 a TCI state capability. Insome examples, sending 702 the TCI state capability may be performed asdescribed in relation to FIG. 2.

The wireless communication device may receive 704 a set of referencesignal identifiers. In some examples, receiving 704 the set of referencesignal identifiers (e.g., MeasObjectNR, and/or ReferenceSignalConfig,etc.) may be performed as described in relation to FIG. 2.

The wireless communication device may receive 706 a sub-layer 3 (e.g.,L1 and/or L2) message indicating a TCI state. In some examples,receiving 706 the sub-layer 3 message may be performed as described inrelation to FIG. 2.

The wireless communication device may receive 708 a serving cellreference signal. In some examples, receiving 708 the reference signalmay be performed as described in relation to FIG. 2. For instance, thewireless communication device may monitor resources (e.g., time and/orfrequency resource(s), BWP(s), etc., of the serving cell) to receive 708one or more reference signals from one or more serving cells (e.g., basestation(s)).

The wireless communication device may receive 710 a non-serving cellreference signal. In some examples, receiving 710 the non-serving cellreference signal may be performed as described in relation to FIG. 2.

The wireless communication device may determine 712 the TCI state basedon the message and the received reference signals. In some examples,determining 712 the TCI state may be performed as described in relationto FIG. 2. For instance, the wireless communication device may utilizeone or more received reference signals from the one or more servingcells and one or more non-serving cells to determine one or more values(e.g., channel state measurements, channel state information (CSI), SSB,CQI, PMI, and/or RI, etc.). The values may be measured and/or stored todetermine the TCI state.

The wireless communication device may switch 714 a reference signalassociation between reference signals. In some examples, switching thereference signal association may be performed as described in relationto FIG. 2. For instance, the wireless communication device may switchreference signal association between reference signals in a monitoredset of reference signals. In some examples, the wireless communicationdevice may add a reference signal to the monitored set of referencesignals and may switch the reference signal association to the addedreference signal.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating another example of a method 800for one or more non-serving cell states. In some examples, the method400 is performed by a base station (e.g., the base station 226 describedin relation to FIG. 2).

A base station may receive 802 a TCI state capability. For instance, thebase station may receive a message from a wireless communication deviceindicating the capability of the wireless communication device to manageone or more TCI states associated with one or more non-serving cells.

The base station may determine 804 a configuration for a TCI state(e.g., a TCI state associated with one or more non-serving cells). Insome examples, determining 804 a configuration for a TCI state may beperformed as described in relation to FIG. 2.

The base station may send 806 a set of reference signal identifiers. Insome examples, sending 806 the set of reference signal identifiers(e.g., MeasObjectNR, and/or ReferenceSignalConfig, etc.) may beperformed as described in relation to FIG. 2.

The base station may send 808 a sub-layer 3 message indicating a TCIstate. The message may be utilized to determine the TCI state based on anon-serving cell identifier and a reference signal from a non-servingcell. In some examples, sending 808 the sub-layer 3 message (e.g., DCI,MAC-CE, etc.) may be performed as described in relation to FIG. 2.

The base station may send 810 a serving cell reference signal. In someexamples, sending 810 the serving cell reference signal may be performedas described in relation to FIG. 2. In some examples, the base stationmay perform one or more operations based on the TCI state associatedwith non-serving cell(s) as described herein.

Example Wireless Communication Devices

FIG. 9 illustrates certain components that may be included within awireless communication device 976 configured to implement variousexamples of the techniques for one or more non-serving cell statesdescribed herein. The wireless communication device 976 may be an accessterminal, a mobile station, a user equipment (UE), a smartphone, adigital camera, a video camera, a tablet device, a laptop computer, adesktop computer, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a telematicsdevice, a base station, an access point, a vehicle, a drone, etc. Thewireless communication device 976 may be implemented in accordance withone or more of the wireless communication devices (e.g., wirelesscommunication device(s) 102, 202, 532, 632) described herein.

The wireless communication device 976 includes a processor 996. Theprocessor 996 may be a general purpose single- or multi-chipmicroprocessor (e.g., an ARM), a special purpose microprocessor (e.g., adigital signal processor (DSP)), a microcontroller, a programmable gatearray, etc. The processor 996 may be referred to as a central processingunit (CPU) and/or a modem processor. Although a single processor 996 isshown in the wireless communication device 976, in an alternativeconfiguration, a combination of processors (e.g., an ARM and DSP) couldbe implemented.

The wireless communication device 976 also includes memory 978. Thememory 978 may be any electronic component capable of storing electronicinformation. The memory 978 may be embodied as random access memory(RAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic disk storage media, opticalstorage media, flash memory devices in RAM, on-board memory includedwith the processor, programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasableprogrammable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM(EEPROM), synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM), registers,and so forth, including combinations thereof.

Data 982 a and instructions 980 a may be stored in the memory 978. Theinstructions 980 a may be executable by the processor 996 to implementone or more of the methods described herein. Executing the instructions980 a may involve the use of the data 982 a that is stored in the memory978. When the processor 996 executes the instructions 980, variousportions of the instructions 980 b may be loaded onto the processor 996and/or various pieces of data 982 b may be loaded onto the processor996. In some examples, the instructions 980 may be executable toimplement and/or perform one or more of the methods 300, 700, and/or oneor more of the functions, procedures, and/or operations describedherein.

The wireless communication device 976 may also include a transmitter 984and a receiver 986 to allow transmission and reception of signals to andfrom the wireless communication device 976. The transmitter 984 andreceiver 986 may be collectively referred to as a transceiver 988. Oneor more antennas 990 a-b may be electrically coupled to the transceiver988. The wireless communication device 976 may also include (not shown)multiple transmitters, multiple receivers, multiple transceivers, and/oradditional antennas.

The wireless communication device 976 may include a digital signalprocessor (DSP) 992. The wireless communication device 976 may alsoinclude a communications interface 994. The communications interface 994may allow and/or enable one or more kinds of input and/or output. Forexample, the communications interface 994 may include one or more portsand/or communication devices for linking other devices to the wirelesscommunication device 976. In some examples, the communications interface994 may include the transmitter 984, the receiver 986, or both (e.g.,the transceiver 988). Additionally or alternatively, the communicationsinterface 994 may include one or more other interfaces (e.g.,touchscreen, keypad, keyboard, microphone, camera, etc.). For example,the communication interface 994 may enable a user to interact with thewireless communication device 976.

The various components of the wireless communication device 976 may becoupled together by one or more buses, which may include a power bus, acontrol signal bus, a status signal bus, a data bus, etc. For the sakeof clarity, the various buses are illustrated in FIG. 9 as a bus system998.

FIG. 10 illustrates certain components that may be included within abase station 1001 configured to implement various examples of thetechniques for one or more non-serving cell states described herein. Thebase station 1001 may be a Node B, eNB, gNB, access point, router, etc.The base station 1001 may be implemented in accordance with one or moreof the base stations (e.g., base station(s) 112, 128, 226) describedherein.

The base station 1001 includes a processor 1021. The processor 1021 maybe a general purpose single- or multi-chip microprocessor (e.g., anARM), a special purpose microprocessor (e.g., a digital signal processor(DSP)), a microcontroller, a programmable gate array, etc. The processor1021 may be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU) and/or amodem processor. Although a single processor 1021 is shown in the basestation 1001, in an alternative configuration, a combination ofprocessors (e.g., an ARM and DSP) could be implemented.

The base station 1001 also includes memory 1003. The memory 1003 may beany electronic component capable of storing electronic information. Thememory 1003 may be embodied as random access memory (RAM), read-onlymemory (ROM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flashmemory devices in RAM, on-board memory included with the processor,programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-onlymemory (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), synchronous dynamicrandom-access memory (SDRAM), registers, and so forth, includingcombinations thereof.

Data 1007 a and instructions 1005 a may be stored in the memory 1003.The instructions 1005 a may be executable by the processor 1021 toimplement one or more of the methods described herein. Executing theinstructions 1005 a may involve the use of the data 1007 a that isstored in the memory 1003. When the processor 1021 executes theinstructions 1005, various portions of the instructions 1005 b may beloaded onto the processor 1021 and/or various pieces of data 1007 b maybe loaded onto the processor 1021. In some examples, the instructions1005 may be executable to implement and/or perform one or more of themethods 400, 800 and/or one or more of the functions, procedures, and/oroperations described herein.

The base station 1001 may also include a transmitter 1009 and a receiver1011 to allow transmission and reception of signals to and from the basestation 1001. The transmitter 1009 and receiver 1011 may be collectivelyreferred to as a transceiver 1013. One or more antennas 1015 a-b may beelectrically coupled to the transceiver 1013. The base station 1001 mayalso include (not shown) multiple transmitters, multiple receivers,multiple transceivers, and/or additional antennas.

The base station 1001 may include a digital signal processor (DSP) 1017.The base station 1001 may also include a communications interface 1019.The communications interface 1019 may allow and/or enable one or morekinds of input and/or output. For example, the communications interface1019 may include one or more ports and/or communication devices forlinking other devices to the base station 1001. In some examples, thecommunications interface 1019 may include the transmitter 1009, thereceiver 1011, or both (e.g., the transceiver 1013). Additionally oralternatively, the communications interface 1019 may include one or moreother interfaces (e.g., touchscreen, keypad, keyboard, microphone,camera, etc.). For example, the communication interface 1019 may enablea user to interact with the base station 1001.

The various components of the base station 1001 may be coupled togetherby one or more buses, which may include a power bus, a control signalbus, a status signal bus, a data bus, etc. For the sake of clarity, thevarious buses are illustrated in FIG. 10 as a bus system 1023.

The term “determining” encompasses a wide variety of actions and,therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing,deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., looking up in a table, adatabase, or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also,“determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information),accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory) and the like. Also,“determining” can include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing,and the like.

The phrase “based on” does not necessarily mean “based only on.” Inother words, the phrase “based on” may describe “based only on” and/or“based at least on.”

The term “processor” should be interpreted broadly to encompass ageneral purpose processor, a central processing unit (CPU), amicroprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a controller, amicrocontroller, a state machine, and so forth. Under somecircumstances, a “processor” may refer to an application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA), etc. The term “processor” may refer to acombination of processing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and amicroprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or moremicroprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suchconfiguration.

The term “memory” should be interpreted broadly to encompass anyelectronic component capable of storing electronic information. The termmemory may refer to various types of processor-readable media such asrandom access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile randomaccess memory (NVRAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasableprogrammable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM(EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage, registers,etc. Memory is said to be in electronic communication with a processorif the processor can read information from and/or write information tothe memory. Memory that is integral to a processor is in electroniccommunication with the processor.

The terms “instructions” and “code” should be interpreted broadly toinclude any type of computer-readable statement(s). For example, theterms “instructions” and “code” may refer to one or more programs,routines, sub-routines, functions, procedures, etc. “Instructions” and“code” may comprise a single computer-readable statement or manycomputer-readable statements.

The functions described herein may be implemented in software orfirmware being executed by hardware. The functions may be stored as oneor more instructions on a computer-readable medium. The terms“computer-readable medium” or “computer-program product” refers to anytangible storage medium that can be accessed by a computer or aprocessor. By way of example and not limitation, a computer-readablemedium may comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, compact disc read-only memory(CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or othermagnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carryor store program code in the form of instructions and/or data structuresand that can be accessed by a computer. Disk and disc, as used herein,includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatiledisc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray® disc where disks usually reproducedata magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Acomputer-readable medium may be tangible and non-transitory. The term“computer-program product” refers to a computing device or processor incombination with code or instructions (e.g., a “program”) that may beexecuted, processed, or computed by the computing device or processor.As used herein, the term “code” may refer to software, instructions,code, or data that is/are executable by a computing device or processor.

Software or instructions may also be transmitted over a transmissionmedium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website,server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable,twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologiessuch as infrared, radio and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiberoptic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such asinfrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition oftransmission medium.

The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more functions, operations,and/or actions for achieving the described method. The method functions,operations, and/or actions may be combined, divided, and/or interchangedwith one another without departing from the scope of the claims. Inother words, unless a specific order of functions, operations, oractions is required for proper operation of the method that is beingdescribed, the order and/or use of specific functions, operations,and/or actions may be modified without departing from the scope of theclaims.

Further, it should be appreciated that modules and/or other appropriatemeans for performing the methods and techniques described herein, can bedownloaded, and/or otherwise obtained by a device. For example, a devicemay be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of means forperforming the methods described herein. Alternatively, various methodsdescribed herein can be provided via a storage means (e.g., randomaccess memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), a physical storage mediumsuch as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk, etc.), such that a devicemay obtain the various methods upon coupling or providing the storagemeans to the device.

As used herein, the term “and/or” may mean one or more items. Forexample, the phrase “A, B, and/or C” may mean any of: only A, only B,only C, A and B (but not C), B and C (but not A), A and C (but not B),or all of A, B, and C. As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” maymean one or more items. For example, the phrase “at least one of A, B,and C” or the phrase “at least one of A, B, or C” may mean any of: onlyA, only B, only C, A and B (but not C), B and C (but not A), A and C(but not B), or all of A, B, and C. As used herein, the phrase “one ormore of” may mean one or more items. For example, the phrase “one ormore of A, B, and C” or the phrase “one or more of A, B, or C” may meanany of: only A, only B, only C, A and B (but not C), B and C (but notA), A and C (but not B), or all of A, B, and C.

It is to be understood that the claims are not limited to the preciseconfiguration and components illustrated above. Various modifications,changes, and variations may be made in the arrangement, operation, anddetails of the systems, methods, and apparatus described herein withoutdeparting from the scope of the claims. For example, one or more of theoperations, functions, elements, aspects, etc., described herein may beomitted or combined.

Example Clauses

Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

Clause 1: A wireless communication device, comprising: a receiverconfigured to receive a message indicating a transmission configurationindicator (TCI) state; and a processor configured to determine the TCIstate based on the message, a non-serving cell identifier, and areceived reference signal from a non-serving cell.

Clause 2: The wireless communication device of Clause 1, wherein thereceived reference signal is a channel state information referencesignal (CSI-RS) or a synchronization signal block (SSB).

Clause 3: The wireless communication device of any preceding Clause,wherein the TCI state includes the non-serving cell identifier.

Clause 4: The wireless communication device of any preceding Clause,wherein quasi-colocation (QCL) information of the TCI state correspondsto non-serving cell information without serving cell information.

Clause 5: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-3,wherein quasi-colocation (QCL) information of the TCI state correspondsto the non-serving cell identifier.

Clause 6: The wireless communication device of Clause 5, wherein thenon-serving cell identifier is a property of the QCL information.

Clause 7: The wireless communication device of Clause 5, wherein thenon-serving cell identifier is a property of a reference signal propertyof the QCL information.

Clause 8: The wireless communication device of Clause 5, wherein a QCLtype of the QCL information indicates that the received reference signalcorresponds to the non-serving cell.

Clause 9: The wireless communication device of any preceding Clause,further comprising a transmitter configured to transmit a capabilityreport indicating a TCI state capability.

Clause 10: The wireless communication device of Clause 9, wherein theTCI state capability indicates a maximum number of TCI states forserving cells and non-serving cells.

Clause 11: The wireless communication device of Clause 9, wherein theTCI state capability indicates a maximum number of TCI states fornon-serving cells.

Clause 12: The wireless communication device of Clause 9, wherein theTCI state capability indicates a maximum number of TCI states pernon-serving cell.

Clause 13: The wireless communication device of Clause 9, wherein theTCI state capability indicates a maximum number of non-serving cellswith reference signals configured for TCI state association.

Clause 14: wireless communication device of Clause 9, wherein the TCIstate capability indicates a maximum number of physical cell identifiers(PCIs) of cells, other than a serving cell, that are associated withactivated TCI states.

Clause 15: The wireless communication device of any preceding Clause,wherein a first TCI state identifier numbering space for serving cellsis separate from a second TCI state identifier numbering space fornon-serving cells.

Clause 16: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-13,wherein a TCI state identifier numbering space is shared for servingcells and non-serving cells.

Clause 17: The wireless communication device of any preceding Clause,wherein a monitoring set of reference signals corresponding to one ormore non-serving cells is based on a frequency range of serving cellreference signals and a wireless communication device capability.

Clause 18: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-16,wherein a monitoring set of reference signals for sub-layer 3 mobilitycorresponding to one or more non-serving cells is based on a receivedset of reference signal identifiers.

Clause 19: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-16,wherein a monitoring set of reference signals corresponding to one ormore non-serving cells is based on a serving cell TCI state.

Clause 20: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 17-19,wherein the processor is configured to determine a qualified set ofreference signals based on the monitoring set of reference signals.

Clause 21: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-19,wherein the processor is configured to determine a qualified set ofreference signals based on a frequency range of serving cell referencesignals and a wireless communication device capability.

Clause 22: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-19,wherein the processor is configured to determine a qualified set ofreference signals based on a first TCI state corresponding to a servingcell.

Clause 23: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 20-22,wherein the processor is configured to select the reference signal fromthe qualified set of reference signals.

Clause 24: The wireless communication device of any preceding Clause,wherein the message is a downlink control information (DCI) message.

Clause 25: The wireless communication device of Clause 24, wherein theprocessor is configured to determine an acknowledgement (ACK) inresponse to the DCI message.

Clause 26: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-22,wherein the message is a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE)message.

Clause 27: The wireless communication device of any preceding Clause,wherein the processor is configured to switch a reference signalassociation between reference signals.

Clause 28: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-26,wherein the receiver is configured to receive signaling indicating areference signal switch, and wherein the processor is configured to: adda monitored reference signal or a qualified reference signal; and switcha reference signal association to the added monitored reference signalor the added qualified reference signal.

Clause 29: The wireless communication device of any preceding Clause,wherein an application time for a non-serving cell beam is configured bya base station.

Clause 30: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-28,wherein an application time for a non-serving cell beam is configured bya base station to be greater than or equal to a fixed minimumapplication time.

Clause 31: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-28,wherein an application time for a non-serving cell beam is fixed.

Clause 32: The wireless communication device of any of Clauses 1-31,wherein a first application time for a non-serving cell beam is separatefrom a second application time for a serving cell.

Clause 33: A method, comprising: receiving a message indicating atransmission configuration indicator (TCI) state; and determining theTCI state based on the message, a non-serving cell identifier, and areceived reference signal from a non-serving cell.

Clause 34: A non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code, comprising: code for causing a processor tocontrol a receiver to receive a message indicating a transmissionconfiguration indicator (TCI) state; and code for causing the processorto determine the TCI state based on the message, a non-serving cellidentifier, and a received reference signal from a non-serving cell.

Clause 35: An apparatus, comprising: means for receiving a messageindicating a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state; and meansfor determining the TCI state based on the message, a non-serving cellidentifier, and a received reference signal from a non-serving cell.

Clause 36: A base station, comprising: a transmitter configured to senda message indicating a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state,wherein the message is utilized to determine the TCI state based on anon-serving cell identifier and a reference signal from a non-servingcell.

Clause 37: The base station of Clause 36, wherein the reference signalis a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) or asynchronization signal block (SSB).

Clause 38: The base station of any of Clauses 36-37, wherein the TCIstate includes the non-serving cell identifier.

Clause 39: The base station of any of Clauses 36-38, wherein quasicolocation (QCL) information of the TCI state includes non-serving cellinformation without serving cell information.

Clause 40: The base station of any of Clauses 36-38, wherein quasicolocation (QCL) information of the TCI state includes the non-servingcell identifier.

Clause 41: The base station of Clause 40, wherein the non-serving cellidentifier is a property of the QCL information.

Clause 42: The base station of Clause 40, wherein the non-serving cellidentifier is a property of a reference signal property of the QCLinformation.

Clause 43: The base station of Clause 40, wherein a QCL type of the QCLinformation indicates that the reference signal corresponds to thenon-serving cell.

Clause 44: The base station of any of Clauses 36-43, further comprisinga receiver configured to receive a capability report indicating a TCIstate capability.

Clause 45: The base station of Clause 44, wherein the TCI statecapability indicates a maximum number of TCI states for serving cellsand non-serving cells.

Clause 46: The base station of Clause 44, wherein the TCI statecapability indicates a maximum number of TCI states for non-servingcells.

Clause 47: The base station of Clause 44, wherein the TCI statecapability indicates a maximum number of TCI states per non-servingcell.

Clause 48: The base station of Clause 44, wherein the TCI statecapability indicates a maximum number of non-serving cells withreference signals configured for TCI state association.

Clause 49: The base station of Clause 44, wherein the TCI statecapability indicates a maximum number of physical cell identifiers(PCIs) of cells, other than a serving cell, that are associated withactivated TCI states.

Clause 50: The base station of any of Clauses 36-49, wherein a first TCIstate identifier numbering space for serving cells is separate from asecond TCI state identifier numbering space for non-serving cells.

Clause 51: The base station of any of Clauses 36-49, wherein a TCI stateidentifier numbering space is shared for serving cells and non-servingcells.

Clause 52: The base station of any of Clauses 36-51, wherein amonitoring set of reference signals corresponding to one or morenon-serving cells is based on a frequency range of serving cellreference signals and a wireless communication device capability.

Clause 53: The base station of any of Clauses 36-51, wherein amonitoring set of reference signals for sub-layer 3 mobilitycorresponding to one or more non-serving cells is based on a set ofreference signal identifiers.

Clause 54: The base station of any of Clauses 36-51, wherein amonitoring set of reference signals corresponding to one or morenon-serving cells is based on a serving cell TCI state.

Clause 55: The base station of any of Clauses 52-54, wherein a qualifiedset of reference signals is based on the monitoring set of referencesignals.

Clause 56: The base station of any of Clauses 36-54, wherein a qualifiedset of reference signals is based on a frequency range of serving cellreference signals and a wireless communication device capability.

Clause 57: The base station of any of Clauses 36-54, wherein a qualifiedset of reference signals is based on a first TCI state corresponding toa serving cell.

Clause 58: The base station of any of Clauses 55-57, wherein thereference signal is selected from the qualified set of referencesignals.

Clause 59: The base station of any of Clauses 36-58, wherein the messageis a downlink control information (DCI) message.

Clause 60: The base station of Clause 59, wherein an acknowledgement(ACK) is received in response to the DCI message.

Clause 61: The base station of any of Clauses 36-58, wherein the messageis a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) message.

Clause 62: The base station of any of Clauses 36-61, wherein the messageindicates a switch in reference signal association between referencesignals.

Clause 63: The base station of any of Clauses 36-61, wherein the messageindicates: adding a monitored reference signal or a qualified referencesignal; and switching a reference signal association to the addedmonitored reference signal or the added qualified reference signal.

Clause 64: The base station of any of Clauses 36-63, wherein anapplication time for a non-serving cell beam is configured by the basestation.

Clause 65: The base station of any of Clauses 36-63, wherein anapplication time for a non-serving cell beam is configured by the basestation to be greater than or equal to a fixed minimum application time.

Clause 66: The base station of any of Clauses 36-63, wherein anapplication time for a non-serving cell beam is fixed.

Clause 67: The base station of any of Clauses 36-63, wherein a firstapplication time for a non-serving cell beam is separate from a secondapplication time for a serving cell.

Clause 68: A method, comprising: sending a message indicating atransmission configuration indicator (TCI) state, wherein the message isutilized to determine the TCI state based on a non-serving cellidentifier and a reference signal from a non-serving cell.

Clause 69: A non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable code, comprising: code for causing a processor tocontrol a transmitter to transmit a message indicating a transmissionconfiguration indicator (TCI) state, wherein the message is utilized todetermine the TCI state based on a non-serving cell identifier and areference signal from a non-serving cell.

Clause 70: An apparatus, comprising: means for transmitting a messageindicating a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state, whereinthe message is utilized to determine the TCI state based on anon-serving cell identifier and a reference signal from a non-servingcell.

What is claimed is:
 1. A wireless communication device, comprising: areceiver configured to receive a message indicating a transmissionconfiguration indicator (TCI) state; and a processor configured todetermine the TCI state based on the message, a non-serving cellidentifier, and a received reference signal from a non-serving cell. 2.The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein the receivedreference signal is a channel state information reference signal(CSI-RS) or a synchronization signal block (SSB).
 3. The wirelesscommunication device of claim 1, wherein the TCI state includes thenon-serving cell identifier.
 4. The wireless communication device ofclaim 1, wherein quasi-colocation (QCL) information of the TCI statecorresponds to non-serving cell information without serving cellinformation.
 5. The wireless communication device of claim 1, whereinquasi-colocation (QCL) information of the TCI state corresponds to thenon-serving cell identifier.
 6. The wireless communication device ofclaim 5, wherein the non-serving cell identifier is a property of atleast one of: the QCL information or a reference signal property of theQCL information.
 7. The wireless communication device of claim 5,wherein a QCL type of the QCL information indicates that the receivedreference signal corresponds to the non-serving cell.
 8. The wirelesscommunication device of claim 1, further comprising a transmitterconfigured to transmit a capability report indicating a TCI statecapability.
 9. The wireless communication device of claim 8, wherein theTCI state capability indicates at least one of: a maximum number of TCIstates for serving cells and non-serving cells; a maximum number of TCIstates for non-serving cells; a maximum number of TCI states pernon-serving cell; and a maximum number of physical cell identifiers(PCIs) of cells, other than a serving cell, that are associated withactivated TCI states.
 10. The wireless communication device of claim 8,wherein the TCI state capability indicates a maximum number ofnon-serving cells with reference signals configured for TCI stateassociation.
 11. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein afirst TCI state identifier numbering space for serving cells is separatefrom a second TCI state identifier numbering space for non-servingcells.
 12. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein a TCIstate identifier numbering space is shared for serving cells andnon-serving cells.
 13. The wireless communication device of claim 1,wherein a monitoring set of reference signals corresponding to one ormore non-serving cells is based on a frequency range of serving cellreference signals and a wireless communication device capability. 14.The wireless communication device of claim 13, wherein the processor isconfigured to determine a qualified set of reference signals based onthe monitoring set of reference signals.
 15. The wireless communicationdevice of claim 14, wherein the processor is configured to select thereceived reference signal from the qualified set of reference signals.16. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein a monitoringset of reference signals for sub-layer 3 mobility corresponding to oneor more non-serving cells is based on a received set of reference signalidentifiers.
 17. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein amonitoring set of reference signals corresponding to one or morenon-serving cells is based on a serving cell TCI state.
 18. The wirelesscommunication device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured todetermine a qualified set of reference signals based on a frequencyrange of serving cell reference signals and a wireless communicationdevice capability.
 19. The wireless communication device of claim 1,wherein the processor is configured to determine a qualified set ofreference signals based on a first TCI state corresponding to a servingcell.
 20. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein themessage is a downlink control information (DCI) message or a mediumaccess control-control element (MAC-CE) message.
 21. The wirelesscommunication device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured toswitch a reference signal association between reference signals.
 22. Thewireless communication device of claim 1, wherein the receiver isconfigured to receive signaling indicating a reference signal switch,and wherein the processor is configured to: add a monitored referencesignal or a qualified reference signal; and switch a reference signalassociation to the monitored reference signal or the qualified referencesignal.
 23. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein anapplication time for a non-serving cell beam is configured by a basestation.
 24. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein anapplication time for a non-serving cell beam is configured by a basestation to be greater than or equal to a fixed minimum application time.25. The wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein a firstapplication time for a non-serving cell beam is at least one of fixed orseparate from a second application time for a serving cell.
 26. Amethod, comprising: receiving a message indicating a transmissionconfiguration indicator (TCI) state; and determining the TCI state basedon the message, a non-serving cell identifier, and a received referencesignal from a non-serving cell.
 27. An apparatus, comprising: means forreceiving a message indicating a transmission configuration indicator(TCI) state; and means for determining the TCI state based on themessage, a non-serving cell identifier, and a received reference signalfrom a non-serving cell.
 28. A base station, comprising: a transmitterconfigured to send a message indicating a transmission configurationindicator (TCI) state, wherein the message is utilized to determine theTCI state based on a non-serving cell identifier and a reference signalfrom a non-serving cell.
 29. The base station of claim 28, furthercomprising a receiver configured to receive a capability reportindicating a TCI state capability.
 30. The base station of claim 29,wherein the TCI state capability indicates at least one of: a maximumnumber of TCI states for serving cells and non-serving cells; a maximumnumber of TCI states for non-serving cells; a maximum number of TCIstates per non-serving cell; a maximum number of non-serving cells withreference signals configured for TCI state association; and a maximumnumber of physical cell identifiers (PCIs) of cells, other than aserving cell, that are associated with activated TCI states.